Pandemiology Watch (November 12-18, 2025)
Emerging outbreaks
On November 14, Ethiopia confirmed its first Marburg virus outbreak, with nine cases detected in the South Omo zone, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Three deaths have been reported. WHO is supporting the response with technical teams, supplies, and strengthened surveillance. There is no approved vaccine or specific treatment for Marburg.
MEASLES
U.S.
Measles cases continue to rise in Arizona, Utah, and South Carolina, CIDRAP reported on November 12. Arizona now has 128 cases, Utah has 74, and South Carolina has 46, including two infections with no known source.
As of November 13, 2025, Center for Disease Control reports a total of 1,723 confirmed measles cases in the U.S. in 2025. 12 % of cases have required hospitalization (206 cases of 1,723), and three deaths have been reported.
Canada.
As of November 17, 2025, Canada has reported 5,208 measles cases where 71% occurred in children, according to the Public Health Agency of Canada. Ontario accounts for 46% of the cases, followed by Alberta with 38%. 89% were unvaccinated, and 7% required hospitalization. Genotype D8 remains the most frequently detected strain. 2 deaths have been reported.
Rift Valley Fever
Senegal.
As of November 17, the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) reported a total of 6,132 suspected Rift Valley Fever cases in Senegal, including 3,021 new cases since the last update on November 6. The number of confirmed cases has risen to 391 (40 new), with 29 deaths (1 new). Of the cases reported, 67% were males, 59% aged 20-25, and 87% occurred in the Saint Louis region.
Mauritania.
As of November 6, Africa CDC reported a total of 150 suspected Rift Valley Fever cases in Mauritania, including 16 new suspected cases since the last update on October 27. The number of confirmed cases has risen to 44 (2 new), with 14 deaths with no new cases since the last update. Of the cases reported, 77% were male, and 81% were in individuals over 10 years old.
MPOX
Africa.
Sierra Leone: The World Health Organization (WHO) reported 5,442 confirmed mpox cases as of October 26, and no new data have been released in the past week.
Uganda: As of November 2, 2025, Uganda reported 7,007 confirmed mpox cases, according to the World Health Organization. This is an increase of 37 cases since October 26. No new data from WHO have been reported for the past week.
Guinea: As of November 9, 2025, The World Health Organization has reported 1,169 cases in 2025 and one death in Guinea. This is an increase of 34 cases since November 2.
POLIO
As of November 11, 2025, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative reported new poliovirus detections in Europe, including five cVDPV2-positive environmental samples in Germany and one cVDPV2-positive environmental sample in the United Kingdom. Additional detections this week include two cVDPV2 cases in Chad and five cVDPV2 cases in Nigeria.
Germany.
The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) reported on November 13, 2025, that WPV1 was detected in a wastewater sample from Hamburg, collected on October 6. No human cases have been reported, and the virus is linked to a strain circulating in Afghanistan. ECDC assesses the overall risk as very low but urges continued vaccination and surveillance
H5N1
U.S.
The Washington State Department of Health confirmed on November 14, the first U.S. human case of H5N5 avian influenza in a resident of Grays Harbor County. The patient was exposed to domestic poultry and wild birds. The individual is an older adult with underlying health conditions and remains hospitalized. Authorities report the public risk as low.
As of November 14, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports 71 confirmed human H5N1 cases and one death, an increase of one case since the last update on September 26. No person-to-person transmission has been reported in the United States.
Cambodia.
On November 16, 2025, Cambodia’s Ministry of Health confirmed the country’s 18th human H5N1 case of the year—a 22-year-old man from Phnom Penh who died on November 15 after developing fever and respiratory symptoms, according to the Ministry’s announcement reported by Afludiary.